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L-Tartaric acid (CAS 87-69-4) is a versatile organic compound widely used across various industries due to its unique chemical properties and multiple applications. This article explores its key characteristics, production methods, and uses.
L-Tartaric acid is a naturally occurring compound found in grapes, berries, and wines. It is a white crystalline powder or colorless monoclinic crystal with an extremely tart taste and is highly soluble in water. The compound has a molecular formula of C₄H₆O₆ and a molecular weight of approximately 150.09 g/mol. It exhibits optical activity, which makes it valuable in chiral chemistry.
| Property | Value |
|---|---|
| Formula molecolare | C₄H₆O₆ |
| Molecular Weight | 150.09 g/mol |
| Aspetto | Polvere cristallina bianca |
| Punto di fusione | 170-172°C |
| Solubility in Water | Highly soluble at 20°C |
L-Tartaric acid is primarily obtained as a by-product of the wine-making process. Potassium bitartrate (cream of tartar) is extracted from wine residues and converted to calcium tartrate, which is then hydrolyzed to yield tartaric acid. This method leverages the natural abundance of tartaric acid in grape fermentation residues.
| Source Material | Process Steps |
|---|---|
| Potassium Bitartrate | Hydrolysis with HCl, precipitation with CaCl₂ |
| Calcium Tartrate | Filtration, reaction with H₂SO₄ |
| Final Product | Tartaric acid |
L-Tartaric acid finds extensive use in the food, beverage, and pharmaceutical industries. It is a common acidulant in soft drinks, candies, and gelatin desserts, imparting a sour taste. In pharmaceuticals, it serves as a buffering agent and chelating agent, improving the solubility and stability of active ingredients. Additionally, it is used in metal cleaning, photography, and textile industries due to its chelating properties.
| Industry | Applicazione |
|---|---|
| Food and Beverage | Acidulant in soft drinks, candies, and desserts |
| Pharmaceuticals | Buffering agent, chelating agent |
| Textiles | Used in resin treatment and dyeing processes |
| Metal Industries | Cleaning agent, chelating agent for heavy metals |
L-Tartaric acid is generally regarded as safe for use in food and pharmaceutical products. However, strong solutions can be mildly irritating to the skin and eyes. It should be stored in a cool, dry place in well-closed containers to maintain its stability.
In conclusion, L-Tartaric acid (CAS 87-69-4) is a valuable compound with a wide range of applications, making it an essential component in multiple industries. Its natural origin and versatile properties ensure its continued importance in both commercial and scientific contexts.
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